fsiqoanalitikuri Teoriebi travmatuli nevrozis Sesaxeb
terminebi travma, travmatuli, travmatizmi, matravmirebeli gavrcelebis ukiduresad vrceli diapazoniT gamoirCeva. xSirad gaurkvevelia is Tu ras gulisxmoben travmatizmis terminis qveS klinikuri fsiqologebi, socialuri muSakebi, fsiqoanalitikosebi da fsiqiatrebi. aRniSnuli statiis mizans warmoadgens fsiqoanalitikuri Teoriebis umoklesi ganxilva travmatizmze, romlebic froidis Sromebidan iReben saTaves.
klasikuri fsiqoanalizis farglebSic ki travmatizmis cneba erTmaneTisgan sruliad gansxvavebul klinikur konteqstSi SeiZleba gamoiyenebodes. froidi fsiqoanalitikuri konceptebis SemuSavebis sawyis etapze swored travmas aniWebs madeterminirebel mniSvnelobas isteriis etiologiaSi. froidisTvis travmatizmi yovelTvis sequalobasTan aris dakavSirebuli, xolo bavSvobis matravmirebeli gamocdileba, (an fantazmi, romelic SesaZloa sulac ar gulisxmobdes realur gamocdilebas, Tumca subieqtis mier realobis aRqmas xdides matravmirebels), froidisaTvis warmoadgens e.w. sami didi nevrozis madeterminirebel Zalas: igulisxmeba isteria, fobiuri nevrozi da obsesiur–kompulsiuri aSliloba. garda amisa, travmatizmi SesaZloa gaxdes fsiqozis erT–erTi CamrTveli faqtoric, gansakuTrebiT maSin Tu travmatizmis subieqti fsiqoturi struqturis matarebelia. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom froidisaTvis travmatizmi yovelTvis fsiqikuria, sadac matravmirebeli Zala mxolod movlenas ar aqvs, romelsac realobaSi SeiZleba qonoda adgili. movlena imdenad xdeba matravmirebeli, ramdenadac is subieqtis fsiqikur cxovrebaSi awydeba fantazms, reprezentacias, gandevnil gamocdilebas, garkveul fsiqikur mniSvnelobas romelmac ukve moaxdina individis travmireba da romelic TiTqos realuri, gareT momxdari movlenis mudmiv molodinSia. fsiqikuri reprezentaciebisa da realobis sabediswero Sexvedra fsiqikuri muSaobis srul paralizebas iwvevs, rac travmatuli nevrozis mizezi xdeba. fsiqoanalizi gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas aniWebs individis travmatul potencials (la potentialité traumatique), fsiqikis travmatofilur struqturas, romelic movlenas matravmirebeli mniSvnelobiT tvirTavs.
froidi travmatuli nevrozis fsiqopaTologias exeba erT–erT fundamentur naSromSi: „siamovnebis principis miRma“, sadac is akviatebul gameorebas sikvdilis ltolvas ukavSirebs da aRniSnavs, rom travmatizmis klinikuri suraTis erT–erT mTavar elements warmoadgens matravmirebeli movlenis sizmarSi reproduqcia. froids ainteresebs is Tu ra aiZulebs fsiqikas imuSaos siamovnebis principis miRma, moaxdinos matravmirebeli, ukiduresad mZime, usiamovno gamocdilebis reproduqcia sizmarSi da es procesi dauqvemdebaros akviatebul ganmeorebas, romelic fsiqikur ekonomias mniSvnelovnad azianebs da subieqtTan fsiqikuri Zalebis gaflangvas iwvevs. sizmarSi matravmirebeli movlenisa Tu situaciis ganmeoreba ori mniSvnelovani TaviseburebiT gamoirCeva. sizmarSi travmatuli scenis reproduqciis ekonomiuri aspeqti xasiaTdeba Zlieri agznebis doniT, fsiqofizikuri organizmis energetikuli demobilizaciiT, mZafri agznebiT, romelic wmnida saxiT, yovelgvari gadamuSavebisa da modifikaciis, agreTve yovelgvari obieqtis gareSe aRmocendeba Zalian swrafad. am SemTxvevaSi termini agzneba ar gulisxmobs arc agresias, arc destruqciul tendenciebs, arc libidinalur Zalebs, is TiTqmis wmindad biologiuri mniSvnelobiT aris gamoyenebuli da sizmris subieqts, mes moulodnelad esxmis Tavs. agzneba travmatuli nevrozis dros subieqtisaTvis yovelgvari azrisagan aris daclili, fsiqikuri mniSvneloba ar gaaCnia. afeqti, agzneba sruliad dezerotizirebulia, daclilia libidinaluri tendenciebisagan. mniSvnelovania is, rom am SemTxvevaSi agznebas sruliad dakarguli aqvs kavSiri subieqtis fantazmur cxovrebasTan, aracnobier reprezentaciebTan, seqsualobasTan, da rac mTavaria obieqtTan, romelsac SeiZleba fantazmis an realobis doneze ebmodes es ukanaskneli. am mizezebis gamo agzneba Sobs SfoTvas, Tumca SfoTvas, romelic Tavs mTlianad somatur gamovlinebebSi avlens, xolo me–s mier is ganicdeba, rogorc imobilizaciis, paralizebulobis, absoluturi umweobis mdgomareoba. agzneba fantazmis, fsiqikuri cxovrebisa da fsiqikuri muSaobis filtrs ar gaivlis da subieqti xdeba gaufiltravi, aragadamuSavebuli, uazro energetikuli talRis msxverpli, romelic sizmarSi akviatebuli ganmeorebis kanonis ZaliT mudmivad aRmocendeba, gaivlis garkveul fazas da qreba, nulamde daiyvaneba, ris gamoc froidi sizmarSi travmatuli situaciis gameorebas sikvdilis ltolvas ukvaSirebs.
Tu gamanadgurebeli agzneba, romelic mes dezintegracias iwvevs, xolo travmatizmis dros SeiZleba gamoiwvios gaxleCac, ar aris dakavSirebuli araferTan rasac SeiZleba vuwodoT fsiqikuri, maSin ra mniSvneloba eniWeba am SemTxvevaSi TviT realur, obieqturad momxdar matravmirebel movlenas? nuTu travmatizmi, rogorc sinamdvile, rogorc movlena ar warmoadgens agznebis obieqts da mis gamomwvev mizezs? am kiTxvaze pasuxs kvlav sizmris fsiqopaTologia iZleva.
travmatuli sizmrebis meore mniSvnelovan aspeqts, garda ekonomiuri, energetikuli aspeqtisa, warmoadgens dinamikuri aspeqti. sizmari travmatul movlenaze ar warmoadgens normalur sizmars, sizmrisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli fsiqopaTologiis farglebs scdeba. garda amisa, sizmari travmatul movlenaze ar aris koSmari. agreTve ar aris arc SiSis da arc SfoTvis sizmari. iseve rogorc sizmris normaluri muSaobis dros, aseve koSmarisa da SfoTvis sizmris drosac sizmris siuJeti damaxinjebulia, modificirebulia, cenzurisa da mes, agreTve realobis gavleniT aris daRdasmuli. xSir SemTxvevaSi analizisaTvis miuwvdomeli, gaugebari SinaarsiT xasiaTdeba. e.i. sizmris samive forma gulisxmobs me–s da cenzuris muSaobas, rasac froidi sizmris muSaobas uwodebs. samive tipis sizmris siuJeti gajerebulia gandevnili reprezentaciebiT, aracnobieri survilebiT, xSirad fantazmebiT, romlebic mza saxiT ewerebian sizmris zogad suraTSi. samive tipis sizmari subieqtisaTvis azriT, Tundac gandevnili, aracnobieri magram mainc azriT aris datvirTuli da Sesabamisad analizs eqvemdebareba, rac niSnavs imas, rom subieqts sizmris maprovocirebeli Zalebis simbolizacia SeuZlia analitikuri diskursis dros metyvelebis doneze. martivad rom vTqvaT saqme gamouTqmel, eniT aRuwerel tanjvas ar exeba, romelic swored travmatizmisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli.
davubrundebi travmatul sizmrebs, an sizmrebs travmatizmze, romelTa meore damaxasiaTebel klinikur niSans warmoadgens matravmirebeli movlenis TiTqmis absoluturi sizustiT reproduqcia sizmarSi, rac arc erTi zemoT aRwerili sizmrisaTvis ar aris niSneuli. matravmirebeli movlena uxeSad, brutalurad iWreba fsiqikuris sferoSi, arRvevs, Seangrevs cnobierebis fars, axdens mes demobilizacias, xSirad disociacias (Sandor ferencis mixedviT), iwvevs dacviTi meqanizmebis srul paralizebas da fsiqikur cxovrebaSi imkvidrebs adgils, rogorc arafsiqikuri, ufro metic, rogorc wmindad obieqturi realoba. Tu lakanis termins gamoviyenebT ara realoba aramed realuri. lakani termin realurSi gulisxmobs fenomens, romelic fsiqikuris antipods warmoadgens da romelzec fsiqikuri cxovreba rogorc lodze, qvaze ise imsxvreva. Jak lakanisaTvis realuri (le réel) warmoadgens movlenas, romelic fsiqikuris farglebs scdeba, romelic fantazmis, aracnobieri reprezentaciebisa da mes CarCoebs tovebs da garedan utevs subieqts. (termini realoba (la réalité-realoba; le réel–realuri) igive mniSvnelobiT ar SeiZleba iyos datvirTuli, radganac realoba yovelTvis fsiqikuri subieqtis mier aris aRqmuli. realobis aRqma ar SeiZleba iyos ganZarcvuli fsiqikuri Sinaarsebisagan). fsiqikuri muSaoba, dacvis meqanizmebi da fantazmis, rogorc filtris funqcia srul marcxs ganicdian iseTi matravmirebeli movlenis winaSe, romelic fsiqikur cxovrebaSi iWreba, Tumca iq adgils ver imkvidrebs statusiT fsiqikuri, aramed ganagrZobs arsebobas statusiT realuri. Sedegad matravmirebeli movlena yovelgvari modifikaciis gareSe avlens Tavs sizmarSi, xolo fsiqikur cxovrebaSi subieqtis mier ganicdeba rogorc ucxo sxeuli, mounelebeli mTeli da rac mTavaria azrisagan daclili, radganac arc erT fsiqikur reprezentacias, ase vTqvaT produqts ar ebmis. araintegrirebuli mTelia. qvis natexia, romlis dafSvnas, gadamuSavebas, mineralizacias fsiqika ver axdens, Tu ar CavTvliT marcxisaTvis ganwirul mcdelobebs sizmarSi matravmirebeli movlenis akviatebuli ganmeorebis dros. erTis mxriv sizmari travmatizmze movlenis fsiqizacias, realuris fsiqikurad gardaqmnis mcdelobas warmoadgens, movlenis fsiqikur cxovrebaSi integracias cdilobs, xolo meores mxriv, autaneli, arasimbolizirebuli, usaxelo agznebis (romelic mes mier ganicdeba, ara rogorc kastraciuli SfoTva, aramed rogorc ganadgurebis, walekvis SfoTva) minimizacias emsaxureba. matravmirebeli movlena xelidan usxlteba mes dacvis meqanizmebs da fsiqikis sferoSi im formiT ganagrZobs arsebobas, ra formiTac is moxda. fsiqikaSi, rogorc integrirebul mTelSi qmnis xvrels, romlis amoqolva fsiqikuri muSaobis miuxedavad SeuZlebeli xdeba. qmnis energetikul problemebs, rac fsiqikur ZalTa ganlevis, fsiqasTeniis, somaturi simptomebis mizezi xdeba. arasimbolizirebuli agzneba pirdapir sxeulSi iRvreba, rogorc mduRare wyali. xvreli fsiqikaSi arRvevs fsiqikuri cxovrebis mTlianobas, hermetizms da isrutavs energetikuli Zalebis did nawils. am mdgomareobis metaforizaciisaTvis xSirad gamoiyeneben termins: „fsiqikuri hemoragia“, fsiqikuri sisxldena. saqme exeba realuri movlenis fsiqikuris sferoSi SeWris Sedegad warmoqmnil xvrels, Wrilobas saidanac „sisxli“, anu agzneba, arasimbolizirebuli fsiqikuri energia mudmivad wveTavs da gubdeba sxeulSi, sadac aqtualuri nevrozisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli simptomatikis saxiT, xolo wmindad fsiqikuris sferoSi garemosTan afeqturi urTierTobebis gaRaribebaSi vlindeba. xdeba dacema, falikuri poziciis dakargva. travmatizmis momentSi warmoqmnili agznebis transformacia simbolizaciis, reprezentaciebis, sizmrisa da SemoqmedebiTi muSaobis gziT SeuZlebeli xdeba, rac fsiqikur cxovrebas mniSvnelovnad aRaribebs, afeqturad aRaribebs. subieqti xdeba aleqsiTimiuri da obieqturi kavSirebis damyareba uWirs. Tu lakanis termins gamoviyenebT travmatizmis dros obieqti ecema, xdeba obieqtis vardna, misi masiuri dezinvesticiis mizeziT. siyvaruli SeuZlebeli xdeba, radgan me uZluria CaeWidos obieqts, romelic travmatizmis momentSi gamoecala xelidan.
travmatuli sizmrebis meore mniSvnelovan aspeqts, garda ekonomiuri, energetikuli aspeqtisa, warmoadgens dinamikuri aspeqti. sizmari travmatul movlenaze ar warmoadgens normalur sizmars, sizmrisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli fsiqopaTologiis farglebs scdeba. garda amisa, sizmari travmatul movlenaze ar aris koSmari. agreTve ar aris arc SiSis da arc SfoTvis sizmari. iseve rogorc sizmris normaluri muSaobis dros, aseve koSmarisa da SfoTvis sizmris drosac sizmris siuJeti damaxinjebulia, modificirebulia, cenzurisa da mes, agreTve realobis gavleniT aris daRdasmuli. xSir SemTxvevaSi analizisaTvis miuwvdomeli, gaugebari SinaarsiT xasiaTdeba. e.i. sizmris samive forma gulisxmobs me–s da cenzuris muSaobas, rasac froidi sizmris muSaobas uwodebs. samive tipis sizmris siuJeti gajerebulia gandevnili reprezentaciebiT, aracnobieri survilebiT, xSirad fantazmebiT, romlebic mza saxiT ewerebian sizmris zogad suraTSi. samive tipis sizmari subieqtisaTvis azriT, Tundac gandevnili, aracnobieri magram mainc azriT aris datvirTuli da Sesabamisad analizs eqvemdebareba, rac niSnavs imas, rom subieqts sizmris maprovocirebeli Zalebis simbolizacia SeuZlia analitikuri diskursis dros metyvelebis doneze. martivad rom vTqvaT saqme gamouTqmel, eniT aRuwerel tanjvas ar exeba, romelic swored travmatizmisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli.
davubrundebi travmatul sizmrebs, an sizmrebs travmatizmze, romelTa meore damaxasiaTebel klinikur niSans warmoadgens matravmirebeli movlenis TiTqmis absoluturi sizustiT reproduqcia sizmarSi, rac arc erTi zemoT aRwerili sizmrisaTvis ar aris niSneuli. matravmirebeli movlena uxeSad, brutalurad iWreba fsiqikuris sferoSi, arRvevs, Seangrevs cnobierebis fars, axdens mes demobilizacias, xSirad disociacias (Sandor ferencis mixedviT), iwvevs dacviTi meqanizmebis srul paralizebas da fsiqikur cxovrebaSi imkvidrebs adgils, rogorc arafsiqikuri, ufro metic, rogorc wmindad obieqturi realoba. Tu lakanis termins gamoviyenebT ara realoba aramed realuri. lakani termin realurSi gulisxmobs fenomens, romelic fsiqikuris antipods warmoadgens da romelzec fsiqikuri cxovreba rogorc lodze, qvaze ise imsxvreva. Jak lakanisaTvis realuri (le réel) warmoadgens movlenas, romelic fsiqikuris farglebs scdeba, romelic fantazmis, aracnobieri reprezentaciebisa da mes CarCoebs tovebs da garedan utevs subieqts. (termini realoba (la réalité-realoba; le réel–realuri) igive mniSvnelobiT ar SeiZleba iyos datvirTuli, radganac realoba yovelTvis fsiqikuri subieqtis mier aris aRqmuli. realobis aRqma ar SeiZleba iyos ganZarcvuli fsiqikuri Sinaarsebisagan). fsiqikuri muSaoba, dacvis meqanizmebi da fantazmis, rogorc filtris funqcia srul marcxs ganicdian iseTi matravmirebeli movlenis winaSe, romelic fsiqikur cxovrebaSi iWreba, Tumca iq adgils ver imkvidrebs statusiT fsiqikuri, aramed ganagrZobs arsebobas statusiT realuri. Sedegad matravmirebeli movlena yovelgvari modifikaciis gareSe avlens Tavs sizmarSi, xolo fsiqikur cxovrebaSi subieqtis mier ganicdeba rogorc ucxo sxeuli, mounelebeli mTeli da rac mTavaria azrisagan daclili, radganac arc erT fsiqikur reprezentacias, ase vTqvaT produqts ar ebmis. araintegrirebuli mTelia. qvis natexia, romlis dafSvnas, gadamuSavebas, mineralizacias fsiqika ver axdens, Tu ar CavTvliT marcxisaTvis ganwirul mcdelobebs sizmarSi matravmirebeli movlenis akviatebuli ganmeorebis dros. erTis mxriv sizmari travmatizmze movlenis fsiqizacias, realuris fsiqikurad gardaqmnis mcdelobas warmoadgens, movlenis fsiqikur cxovrebaSi integracias cdilobs, xolo meores mxriv, autaneli, arasimbolizirebuli, usaxelo agznebis (romelic mes mier ganicdeba, ara rogorc kastraciuli SfoTva, aramed rogorc ganadgurebis, walekvis SfoTva) minimizacias emsaxureba. matravmirebeli movlena xelidan usxlteba mes dacvis meqanizmebs da fsiqikis sferoSi im formiT ganagrZobs arsebobas, ra formiTac is moxda. fsiqikaSi, rogorc integrirebul mTelSi qmnis xvrels, romlis amoqolva fsiqikuri muSaobis miuxedavad SeuZlebeli xdeba. qmnis energetikul problemebs, rac fsiqikur ZalTa ganlevis, fsiqasTeniis, somaturi simptomebis mizezi xdeba. arasimbolizirebuli agzneba pirdapir sxeulSi iRvreba, rogorc mduRare wyali. xvreli fsiqikaSi arRvevs fsiqikuri cxovrebis mTlianobas, hermetizms da isrutavs energetikuli Zalebis did nawils. am mdgomareobis metaforizaciisaTvis xSirad gamoiyeneben termins: „fsiqikuri hemoragia“, fsiqikuri sisxldena. saqme exeba realuri movlenis fsiqikuris sferoSi SeWris Sedegad warmoqmnil xvrels, Wrilobas saidanac „sisxli“, anu agzneba, arasimbolizirebuli fsiqikuri energia mudmivad wveTavs da gubdeba sxeulSi, sadac aqtualuri nevrozisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli simptomatikis saxiT, xolo wmindad fsiqikuris sferoSi garemosTan afeqturi urTierTobebis gaRaribebaSi vlindeba. xdeba dacema, falikuri poziciis dakargva. travmatizmis momentSi warmoqmnili agznebis transformacia simbolizaciis, reprezentaciebis, sizmrisa da SemoqmedebiTi muSaobis gziT SeuZlebeli xdeba, rac fsiqikur cxovrebas mniSvnelovnad aRaribebs, afeqturad aRaribebs. subieqti xdeba aleqsiTimiuri da obieqturi kavSirebis damyareba uWirs. Tu lakanis termins gamoviyenebT travmatizmis dros obieqti ecema, xdeba obieqtis vardna, misi masiuri dezinvesticiis mizeziT. siyvaruli SeuZlebeli xdeba, radgan me uZluria CaeWidos obieqts, romelic travmatizmis momentSi gamoecala xelidan.
aris Tu ara travmatuli nevrozi, nevrozi am terminis fsiqoanalitikuri gagebiT? ara, radganac nevrozis dros subieqti qmnis simptoms, romelic garkveuli mniSvnelobis matarebelia, romelic aRmocendeba gandevnis Sedegad da warmoadgens dapirispirebul fsiqikur ZalTa Soris warmoqmnil kompromiss. simptomi yovelTvis fsiqikuria radganac aucileblad subieqturi mniSvnelobis aris da fesvgadgmulia individis fsiqikur cxovrebaSi, maSin rodesac matravmirebeli movlena adgils ver imkvidrebs fsiqikuris sferoSi. obsesiuri akviateba da ritualebi, isteriuli konversia, fobiuri obieqti fobiiT daavadebul pacientTan sruliad legalizebul fsiqikur formaciebs warmoadgens gansxvavebiT travmatuli movlenisagan, romelic fsiqikuri muSaobis gverdis avliT iWreba fsiqikaSi.
travmatuli mexsiereba, gansxvavebiT normaluri mexsierebisagan matravmirebel movlenas sruliad ucvleli saxiT inaxavs, mis konservacias axdens, xolo sizmarSi an matravmirebeli situaciis msgavs garemoSi (romelic pirveladi procesebis doneze xSirad aRiqmeba rogorc warsuli travmatuli gamocdilebis identuri), aRniSnuli mexsierebis aqtivacias iwvevs. matravmirebeli movlena, ucvleli saxiT Semonaxuli mexsierebaSi, iWreba cnobierebis struqturebSi. aq saqme gvaqvs mexsierebasTan, romlis Sinaarsebic arasdros ar fermkrTaldeba, ar modificirdeba, xolo subieqti (pacienti) warmoadgens monuments, stelas, romelic travmatuli, ucvleli mogonebis memoriali xdeba. dauviwyar, matravmirebel movlenas, rogorc memorialuri dafa, monumenti ise uZRvnis Tavs. aRmarTulia saxsovrad dauviwyari koSmarisa. erTi sityviT, matravmirebeli movlenis gandevna SeuZlebelia, rac fsiqoanalitikoss sruliad paradoqsul funqcias aniWebs: nacvlad gandevnilis gacnobierebisa analitikosi cdlilobs subieqts daexmaros movlenis gandevnaSi. travmatizmis dros me eqstremalur, ukidures zomebs mimarTavs. nacvlad Cveulebrivi dacvis meqanizmebis aqtivaciisa adgili aqvs mes disociacias. travmatizmis momentSi SfoTva, rogorc signali ar aRmocendeba. SfoTva, romelmac unda moaswros warmoqmna raTa mes dacvis meqanizmebis mobilizacia moxdes, droSi CamorCeba travmatul movlenas. dacvis meqanizmi am SemTxvevaSi disociaciaa. me–s erTi nawili sruliad uaryofs momxdars, uxeSad emijneba realobas, rac SesaZlebeli xdeba travmatizmis dros kognituri sistemebis sruli paralizebiT. me, romelic Tavs ver icavs movleniT gamowveuli agznebis talRisagan TiTqos sakuTari sxeulidan swrafad moiglejs travmatul nawils da mas travmatuli mexsierebis saxiT, mTliani sxeulisagan sruliad disocirebuli saxiT, Seinaxavs. ferenci miiCnevs, rom brutaluri movleniT disocirebuli me–s erTi nawili inaxavs travmatul informacias ucvleli saxiT, xolo meore nawili TiTqos arc ki dazaralebula. swored amitom travmirebuli subieqti xSirad sruliad adaptirebulia realobasTan, xSirad hiperadaptirebulic ki, xolo adaptaciis miRma mes disocirebuli nawili gancdili koSmaris ucvleli saxiT konservacias eweva. e.i. travmatuli movlena cnobierebidan da me–s struqturebidan aracnobierisaken ki ar inacvlebs, aramed mes xleCs da mis erT–erT disocirebul nawilSi travmatuli, komemorialuri mexsierebis saxiT ucvlelad inaxavs movlenas. am mizezis gamo klinikuri muSaobis dros fsiqologis mTavar Secdomas xSirad warmoadgens mcdeloba „alaparakos“ pacienti travmatul movlenaze. pacients ar SeuZlia ilaparakos travmatizmze, radganac travmatizmis momentSi movlena xelidan usxlteba semantikur bades, Sinaarsebs, aracnobier reprezentaciebs, romlebic lakanis azriT struqtururebulia, rogorc ena. travmatizmi arRvevs am badis mTlianobas, sadac qmnis arasimbolizirebul, amouqolav fsiqikur xvrels. matravmirebeli movlena aracnobieri lingvisturi struqturebis miRma ganagrZobs arsebobas arasimbolizirebuli, umi, gadaumuSavebeli saxiT, rac sruliad SeuZlebels xdis matravmirebel movlenaze saubars, radganac sityva swored simbolos warmoadgens. fsiqoanalizis mizania ara matravmirebeli movlenis TxrobiTi formiT gadmocema aramed misi xelaxla gancda analitikuri seansis dros (ise rogorc es travmatuli sizmrebis dros xdeba) da am gancdis momentSi erTis mxriv gamanadgurebeli SfoTvis Semsubuqeba, xolo meores mxriv travmatuli gamocdilebisaTvis sityvebis, simboloebisa da azris miniWeba. azris, romelic travmatul movlenas arasdros gaaCnda. sityvebis, romlis saSualebiTac arsdros yofila travmatizmi gamoTqmuli. Tumca simbolizatoris, azris mimniWeblis funqcia analitikosma unda aRasrulos. unda SesZlos saxeldeba gancdili katastrofis da mis metaforizaciaSi daexmaros pacients. analitikur seansze ferenci am mizans pacientis Rrma regresiis wyalobiT anxorcielebda. am xerxiT ikafavda gzas disocirebuli me–s travmirebuli nawilisaken. seansze travmatuli gamocdilebis aqtivaciisas analitikosi pacients exmareba movlenis simbolizirebaSi, raTa am ukanasknelma SeZlos sakuTar koSmarze saubari enis saSualebiT, raTa travmatuli gamocdileba integrirdes individis warsul gamocdilebasTan da fsiqikuri cxovrebis nawili gaxdes. fsiqoanalitikosi cdilobs, rom pacientma travmatuli movlena gamoabas romelime fsiqikuri reprezentaciis, fantazmis, gandevnili survilis kauWs, raTa movlenam fsiqikuris sferoSi daimkvidros adgili. Seicvalos statusi: realuri, statusiT: fsiqikuri.
travmatuli mexsiereba, gansxvavebiT normaluri mexsierebisagan matravmirebel movlenas sruliad ucvleli saxiT inaxavs, mis konservacias axdens, xolo sizmarSi an matravmirebeli situaciis msgavs garemoSi (romelic pirveladi procesebis doneze xSirad aRiqmeba rogorc warsuli travmatuli gamocdilebis identuri), aRniSnuli mexsierebis aqtivacias iwvevs. matravmirebeli movlena, ucvleli saxiT Semonaxuli mexsierebaSi, iWreba cnobierebis struqturebSi. aq saqme gvaqvs mexsierebasTan, romlis Sinaarsebic arasdros ar fermkrTaldeba, ar modificirdeba, xolo subieqti (pacienti) warmoadgens monuments, stelas, romelic travmatuli, ucvleli mogonebis memoriali xdeba. dauviwyar, matravmirebel movlenas, rogorc memorialuri dafa, monumenti ise uZRvnis Tavs. aRmarTulia saxsovrad dauviwyari koSmarisa. erTi sityviT, matravmirebeli movlenis gandevna SeuZlebelia, rac fsiqoanalitikoss sruliad paradoqsul funqcias aniWebs: nacvlad gandevnilis gacnobierebisa analitikosi cdlilobs subieqts daexmaros movlenis gandevnaSi. travmatizmis dros me eqstremalur, ukidures zomebs mimarTavs. nacvlad Cveulebrivi dacvis meqanizmebis aqtivaciisa adgili aqvs mes disociacias. travmatizmis momentSi SfoTva, rogorc signali ar aRmocendeba. SfoTva, romelmac unda moaswros warmoqmna raTa mes dacvis meqanizmebis mobilizacia moxdes, droSi CamorCeba travmatul movlenas. dacvis meqanizmi am SemTxvevaSi disociaciaa. me–s erTi nawili sruliad uaryofs momxdars, uxeSad emijneba realobas, rac SesaZlebeli xdeba travmatizmis dros kognituri sistemebis sruli paralizebiT. me, romelic Tavs ver icavs movleniT gamowveuli agznebis talRisagan TiTqos sakuTari sxeulidan swrafad moiglejs travmatul nawils da mas travmatuli mexsierebis saxiT, mTliani sxeulisagan sruliad disocirebuli saxiT, Seinaxavs. ferenci miiCnevs, rom brutaluri movleniT disocirebuli me–s erTi nawili inaxavs travmatul informacias ucvleli saxiT, xolo meore nawili TiTqos arc ki dazaralebula. swored amitom travmirebuli subieqti xSirad sruliad adaptirebulia realobasTan, xSirad hiperadaptirebulic ki, xolo adaptaciis miRma mes disocirebuli nawili gancdili koSmaris ucvleli saxiT konservacias eweva. e.i. travmatuli movlena cnobierebidan da me–s struqturebidan aracnobierisaken ki ar inacvlebs, aramed mes xleCs da mis erT–erT disocirebul nawilSi travmatuli, komemorialuri mexsierebis saxiT ucvlelad inaxavs movlenas. am mizezis gamo klinikuri muSaobis dros fsiqologis mTavar Secdomas xSirad warmoadgens mcdeloba „alaparakos“ pacienti travmatul movlenaze. pacients ar SeuZlia ilaparakos travmatizmze, radganac travmatizmis momentSi movlena xelidan usxlteba semantikur bades, Sinaarsebs, aracnobier reprezentaciebs, romlebic lakanis azriT struqtururebulia, rogorc ena. travmatizmi arRvevs am badis mTlianobas, sadac qmnis arasimbolizirebul, amouqolav fsiqikur xvrels. matravmirebeli movlena aracnobieri lingvisturi struqturebis miRma ganagrZobs arsebobas arasimbolizirebuli, umi, gadaumuSavebeli saxiT, rac sruliad SeuZlebels xdis matravmirebel movlenaze saubars, radganac sityva swored simbolos warmoadgens. fsiqoanalizis mizania ara matravmirebeli movlenis TxrobiTi formiT gadmocema aramed misi xelaxla gancda analitikuri seansis dros (ise rogorc es travmatuli sizmrebis dros xdeba) da am gancdis momentSi erTis mxriv gamanadgurebeli SfoTvis Semsubuqeba, xolo meores mxriv travmatuli gamocdilebisaTvis sityvebis, simboloebisa da azris miniWeba. azris, romelic travmatul movlenas arasdros gaaCnda. sityvebis, romlis saSualebiTac arsdros yofila travmatizmi gamoTqmuli. Tumca simbolizatoris, azris mimniWeblis funqcia analitikosma unda aRasrulos. unda SesZlos saxeldeba gancdili katastrofis da mis metaforizaciaSi daexmaros pacients. analitikur seansze ferenci am mizans pacientis Rrma regresiis wyalobiT anxorcielebda. am xerxiT ikafavda gzas disocirebuli me–s travmirebuli nawilisaken. seansze travmatuli gamocdilebis aqtivaciisas analitikosi pacients exmareba movlenis simbolizirebaSi, raTa am ukanasknelma SeZlos sakuTar koSmarze saubari enis saSualebiT, raTa travmatuli gamocdileba integrirdes individis warsul gamocdilebasTan da fsiqikuri cxovrebis nawili gaxdes. fsiqoanalitikosi cdilobs, rom pacientma travmatuli movlena gamoabas romelime fsiqikuri reprezentaciis, fantazmis, gandevnili survilis kauWs, raTa movlenam fsiqikuris sferoSi daimkvidros adgili. Seicvalos statusi: realuri, statusiT: fsiqikuri.
ra xdeba travmatizmis dros? ratom ar rTavs me dacvis meqanizmebs uSualod travmatizmis momentSi? fsiqika ratom xvdeba matravmirebel movlenas sruliad moumzadebeli, SeuiaraRebeli? ratom aqvs subieqts travmatizmis dros primordialuri, Cvili bavSvisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli umweobis gancda? ratom iSleba sazRvari mesa da ara mes, SigniTasa da gareTas Soris? ratom zaraldeba travmatizmis dros yvelaze metad sxeuli? ratom aqvs travmatizms mafsiqotizirebeli gavlena individze? ratom ar xdeba travmatizmis simbolizacia, maSin rodesac nebismieri sxva tipis gamocdileba garkveul fsiqikur mniSvnelobas iZens subieqtisTvis? ratom ar qmnis travmatuli nevrozis dros pacienti aracnobieri mniSvnelobebiT gajerebul, iseT ukiduresad ekonomiur fsiqikur formacias, rogoric aris klasikuri nevrotuli simptomi? ra kavSirSia travmatizmi da kastracia, travmatizmi da fantazmi erTmaneTTan? es aris kiTxvebi, romlebsac fsiqoanalizi svams travmatuli nevrozis irgvliv. pasuxis gacema aRniSnuli statiis farglebSi SeuZlebelia, Tumca CamoTvlili kiTxvebis arseboba klinikur fsiqologs aiZulebs imuSaos enis saSualebiT, swored eniT gamouTqmel, eniTaRuwerel fsiqikur tanjvasTan.
Summary
The article is dedicated to psychoanalytical view on traumatic neurosis, where intensity of the traumatizing event is underlined. The intensity of this event makes it impossible to be symbolized and represented in a form unconscious contents and phantasms. Hence, traumatic event continues to live in psychic sphere unchanged. It is never repressed, it never loses its primary affect, and is repeatedly experienced in dreams. Dream work as well as work of defense mechanisms is absolutely not effective, as the traumatizing event enters psyche before these adaptive mechanisms are mobilized, creates not symbolized psychic hole and energetic disbalance.
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